002+GPS

Technology is everywhere in today’s society, people use different technology in everyday life to make their lives easier. The Global Positioning Device is one of the technologies that has become verypopular in everyday life. The GPS program provides critical capabilities to military, civil and commercial users around the world. The term GPS stands for Global Positioning System. The GPS project was developed in 1973. GPS was created and realized by the [|U.S. Department of Defense] and was originally run with 24 satellites. The GPS became fully operational in 1994. Throughout the change in technology, GPS systems have improved incredibly and are being used on a daily basis by many people. GPS is owned and operated by the United States Government as a national resource. A GPS receiver calculates its position by precisely timing the signals sent by GPS [|satellites] high above the Earth. The current GPS consists of three major segments. These are the space segment (SS), a control segment (CS), and a user segment (US).Like most technologies, the GPS is not only being used to help people get to unfamiliar destinations, it is also being used as a teaching tool in elementary, middle, and high school classrooms.

Using global positioning devices in the classroom is a rather new technique teachers are using. So new that not much research has been done on the effectiveness of the technology. The program that teachers use in the classroom is called “Geocaching.” This is a curriculum that uses GPS technology to create an innovative learning atmosphere in the outdoor classroom. Geocaching incorporates national teaching standards in its curriculum. GPS’s can be used in many different subjects including math, science, and social studies. Teachers use hand held devices to create engaging and creative lessons that allow the students to use their problem solving skills. It also allows kinesthetic movements, cooperative learning, the use of spatial intelligence, and how to use innovative technology. Using GPS in the classroom also teaches students real world uses of latitude and longitude and geography. Using GPS technology in the classroom has so far shown positive results but with every technology, the GPS has its negatives.

There are both positives and negatives about GPS use in the classrooms. Some positives include the low price. "At around $75 per unit, a classroom set of GPS units is a realistic purchase for districts" (Ash, 2010). It can be used in a variety of different subjects and grade levels. For example, elementary school students are using GPS to "collect and plot data on the water quality of the streams that flow into Lake Ontario" (Ash, 2010). Middle school students are using them to make "topographic maps to examine geological features in their community" (Ash, 2010). GPS’s can be used in a number of different subjects and to connect subjects. "Using in the core curriculum has become a powerful tool in enhancing student understanding of geography, scientific inquiry, math concepts, physical education, problem solving, and language arts" (La Mar and Ferguson, 2006). Students also benefit by being outside, getting exercise and learning at the same time. Case says it's an "opportunity to get students outdoors, using 21st century learning skills combining nature and technology'' (2012). Some negative aspects of using GPS technology in the classroom include having to learn how to use it. Teachers need to be taught how to use the technology in order to teach students effectively. The GPS devices could also end up broken, lost or stolen. This could be seen as a negative aspect because it will cost the school money to replace the devices, money school district do not have. In order to avoid these incidents, students will have to be taught how to carefully handle the devices and the teacher will have to spend extra time going over the correct way to handle the devices properly. Some students may not be responsible or take the activity seriously. The students who will not take well to this type of activity may need an alternate activity to partake in.

With technology being at an increase nationwide, devices are being brought into the schools more and more. In this era students learn better with technology-based curriculum. Soon enough, everyone will rely on technology for everyday tasks; therefore getting a head start on using such devices in schools may be beneficial to the future.

Pros and Cons
Emily Bridenbaugh

There are both positives and negatives about GPS use in the classrooms. Some positives include the low price. "At around $75 per unit, a classroom set of GPS units is a realistic purchase for districts" (Ash, 2010). It can be used in a variety of different subjects and grade levels. For example, elementary school students are using GPS to "collect and plot data on the water quality of the streams that flow into Lake Ontario" (Ash, 2010). Middle school students are using them to make "topographic maps to examine geological features in their community" (Ash, 2010). GPS can be used in a number of different subjects and to connect subjects. "Using in the core curriculum has become a powerful tool in enhancing student understanding of geography, scientific inquiry, math concepts, physical education, problem solving, and language arts" (La Mar and Ferguson, 2006). Students also benefit by being outside and getting exercise and learning at the same time. Case says it's an "opportunity to get students outdoors, using 21st century learning skills combining nature and technology'' (2012). Some negatives include have to know how to use it. GPS technology is great but could be complicated for some students. Teachers need to know how to use it in order to teach students and fix any problems. The units could also be broken, lost or stolen. Like all technology in schools, GPS will get broken, lost and stolen then the school or district is out money and the class is short unit. Students will have to be taught how to carefully handle them and teacher will have to go over what not to do with the GPS units. Some students may not be responsible or take the activity seriously and misbehave . These students may need a an alternate activity. So the teacher has to plan that as well.

GPS use in the classroom Niki Newcomb

Using global positioning devices in the classroom is a rather new technique teachers are using. So new that not much research has been done on the effectiveness of the technology. The program that teachers use in the classroom is called “Geocaching.” This is a curriculum that uses GPS technology to create an innovative learning atmosphere in the outdoor classroom. Geocaching incorporates national teaching standards in its curriculum. GPS’s can be used in many different subjects including math, science, and social studies. Teachers use hand held devices to create engaging and creative lessons that allow the students to use their problem solving skills. It also allows kinesthetic movements, cooperative learning, the use of spatial intelligence, and how to use innovative technology. Using GPS in the classroom also teaches students real world uses of latitude and longitude and geography. _

Christina Hutson Subtopic- Background information

The GPS program provides critical capabilities to military, civil and commercial users around the world. The term GPS stands for Global Positioning System. The GPS project was developed in 1973. GPS was created and realized by the [|U.S. Department of Defense] and was originally run with 24 satellites. The GPS became fully operational in 1994. Throughout the change in technology, GPS systems have improved incredibly and are being used on a daily basis by many people. GPS is owned and operated by the United States Government as a national resource. A GPS receiver calculates its position by precisely timing the signals sent by GPS [|satellites] high above the Earth. The current GPS consists of three major segments. These are the space segment (SS), a control segment (CS), and a user segment (US).

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Technology is everywhere in today’s society, people use different technology in everyday life to make their lives easier. The Global Positioning Device is one of the technologies that has become very popular in everyday life. The GPS program provides critical capabilities to military, civil and commercial users around the world. The term GPS stands for Global Positioning System. The GPS project was developed in 1973. GPS was created and realized by the [|U.S. Department of Defense] and was originally run with 24 satellites. The GPS became fully operational in 1994. Throughout the change in technology, GPS systems have improved incredibly and are being used on a daily basis by many people. GPS is owned and operated by the United States Government as a national resource. A GPS receiver calculates its position by precisely timing the signals sent by GPS [|satellites] high above the Earth. The current GPS consists of three major segments. These are the space segment (SS), a control segment (CS), and a user segment (US).Like most technologies, the GPS is not only being used to help people get to unfamiliar destinations, it is also being used as a teaching tool in elementary, middle, and high school classrooms.

Using global positioning devices in the classroom is a rather new technique teachers are using. So new that not much research has been done on the effectiveness of the technology. The program that teachers use in the classroom is called “Geocaching.” This is a curriculum that uses GPS technology to create an innovative learning atmosphere in the outdoor classroom. Geocaching incorporates national teaching standards in its curriculum. GPS’s can be used in many different subjects including math, science, and social studies. Teachers use hand held devices to create engaging and creative lessons that allow the students to use their problem solving skills. It also allows kinesthetic movements, cooperative learning, the use of spatial intelligence, and how to use innovative technology. Using GPS in the classroom also teaches students real world uses of latitude and longitude and geography. Using GPS technology in the classroom has so far shown positive results but with every technology, the GPS has its negatives.

There are both positives and negatives about GPS use in the classrooms. Some positives include the low price. "At around $75 per unit, a classroom set of GPS units is a realistic purchase for districts" (Ash, 2010). It can be used in a variety of different subjects and grade levels. For example, elementary school students are using GPS to "collect and plot data on the water quality of the streams that flow into Lake Ontario" (Ash, 2010). Middle school students are using them to make "topographic maps to examine geological features in their community" (Ash, 2010). GPS’s can be used in a number of different subjects and to connect subjects. "Using in the core curriculum has become a powerful tool in enhancing student understanding of geography, scientific inquiry, math concepts, physical education, problem solving, and language arts" (La Mar and Ferguson, 2006). Students also benefit by being outside, getting exercise and learning at the same time. Case says it's an "opportunity to get students outdoors, using 21st century learning skills combining nature and technology'' (2012). Some negative aspects of using GPS technology in the classroom include having to learn how to use it. Teachers need to be taught how to use the technology in order to teach students effectively. The GPS devices could also end up broken, lost or stolen. This could be seen as a negative aspect because it will cost the school money to replace the devices, money school district do not have. In order to avoid these incidents, students will have to be taught how to carefully handle the devices and the teacher will have to spend extra time going over the correct way to handle the devices properly. Some students may not be responsible or take the activity seriously. The students who will not take well to this type of activity may need an alternate activity to partake in.

With technology being at an increase nationwide, devices are being brought into the schools more and more. In this era students learn better with technology-based curriculum. Soon enough, everyone will rely on technology for everyday tasks; therefore getting a head start on using such devices in schools may be beneficial to the future.

**Pros and Cons**
Emily Bridenbaugh

There are both positives and negatives about GPS use in the classrooms. Some positives include the low price. "At around $75 per unit, a classroom set of GPS units is a realistic purchase for districts" (Ash, 2010). It can be used in a variety of different subjects and grade levels. For example, elementary school students are using GPS to "collect and plot data on the water quality of the streams that flow into Lake Ontario" (Ash, 2010). Middle school students are using them to make "topographic maps to examine geological features in their community" (Ash, 2010). GPS can be used in a number of different subjects and to connect subjects. "Using in the core curriculum has become a powerful tool in enhancing student understanding of geography, scientific inquiry, math concepts, physical education, problem solving, and language arts" (La Mar and Ferguson, 2006). Students also benefit by being outside and getting exercise and learning at the same time. Case says it's an "opportunity to get students outdoors, using 21st century learning skills combining nature and technology'' (2012). Some negatives include have to know how to use it. GPS technology is great but could be complicated for some students. Teachers need to know how to use it in order to teach students and fix any problems. The units could also be broken, lost or stolen. Like all technology in schools, GPS will get broken, lost and stolen then the school or district is out money and the class is short unit. Students will have to be taught how to carefully handle them and teacher will have to go over what not to do with the GPS units. Some students may not be responsible or take the activity seriously and misbehave . These students may need a an alternate activity. So the teacher has to plan that as well.

Niki Newcomb
 * __GPS use in the classroom__**

Using global positioning devices in the classroom is a rather new technique teachers are using. So new that not much research has been done on the effectiveness of the technology. The program that teachers use in the classroom is called “Geocaching.” This is a curriculum that uses GPS technology to create an innovative learning atmosphere in the outdoor classroom. Geocaching incorporates national teaching standards in its curriculum. GPS’s can be used in many different subjects including math, science, and social studies. Teachers use hand held devices to create engaging and creative lessons that allow the students to use their problem solving skills. It also allows kinesthetic movements, cooperative learning, the use of spatial intelligence, and how to use innovative technology. Using GPS in the classroom also teaches students real world uses of latitude and longitude and geography. _

Christina Hutson
 * __Subtopic- Background information__**

The GPS program provides critical capabilities to military, civil and commercial users around the world. The term GPS stands for Global Positioning System. The GPS project was developed in 1973. GPS was created and realized by the [|U.S. Department of Defense] and was originally run with 24 satellites. The GPS became fully operational in 1994. Throughout the change in technology, GPS systems have improved incredibly and are being used on a daily basis by many people. GPS is owned and operated by the United States Government as a national resource. A GPS receiver calculates its position by precisely timing the signals sent by GPS [|satellites] high above the Earth. The current GPS consists of three major segments. These are the space segment (SS), a control segment (CS), and a user segment (US).





**__Emily Bridenbaugh's Notes for assignment 2__**
Ash, K. (2010). Educators Explore How to Use GPS For Teaching. //Education Week.// Retrieved from http://www.edweek.org/dd/articles/2010/10/20/01gps.h04.html
 * __Article 1__**

-Elementary school pupils near Rochester, N.Y., are using global positioning systems to collect and plot data on the water quality of the streams that flow into Lake Ontario. -Meanwhile, middle school students in an earth science class in Syracuse, N.Y., mash up GPS technology with topographic maps to examine geological features in their community. - At around $75 per unit, a classroom set of GPS units is a realistic purchase for districts -"Many mobile devices and smartphones are coming equipped with GPS receivers that can be utilized for activities such as geocaching," Lo says

Christie, A. (2007). Using GPS and Geocaching Engages, Empowers, and Enlightens Middle School Teachers and Students. Retrieved from http://alicechristi e.org/pubs/E6/index.html
 * __Article 2__**

-Using these tools and activities gives classroom teachers opportunities to instill in students a curiosity about geography, science, mathematics and the world in which they live -Identifying and establishing "observation sites" to look at trees, animals, soil, etc. I would then have students from other classes go to those spots and compare observations with those from their own site. -Improving students’ mapping skills -sixth grade teacher’s unit in which students plan a family vacation. Students, in groups of four, explore one of eight possible vacation destinations

Case, M (2012). __ [|Geocaching at Southern Guilford High School] .__ Retrieved from: http://blog.baybackpack.com/?tag=physical-education
 * __Article 3__**

-Geocaching gives me the opportunity to get students outdoors, using 21st century learning skills combining nature and technology -On campus, I set up geocaching courses where students use GPS units to find clue sheets hidden in containers around campus. They learn how to use the technology and how it relates to latitude, longitude, elevation and topography. --students can use GPS devices to locate the 5 clip boards, answer a few questions, learn and get their exercise. -What I have found is students are having fun. When they have fun, they learn and do more. They are contagious to other students and their families. Students that get involved have increased their grades and interest in class La Mar, E and Ferguson, L. (2006). GPS Activities & Lesson Plans. Retrieved from http://lovinfifth.com/gps/GPS-activities.htm
 * __Article 4__**

-Using GPS and Geocaching in the core curriculum has become a powerful tool in enhancing student understanding of geography, scientific inquiry, math concepts, physical education, problem solving, and language arts -Students are mapping a local park. It was an easy 5 minute walk to the park. The teacher planned out waypoints for the student to log as part of a larger introduction to how GPS units work. -GPS units in the classroom -The activities do not need to be complicated

Christina Hutson Notes on GPS Articles Assignment #2

__**Article 1:**__ The following information has been copied from: __http://www.edweek.org/dd/articles/ 2010/10/20/01gps.h04.html__

Ash, K. (2010, October 15). Educators explore how to use GPS in the classroom. In edweek. Retrieved February 3, 2012, from __http://www.edweek.org/dd/articles/ 2010/10/20/01gps.h04.html__

-GPS is a technology that is obviously embedded in our everyday lives -students could use GPS to map all the trees on a school campus and then record data—such as their size, species, and condition— -For a more socioeconomic look at their community, students could use the devices to map the vacant houses, or even graffiti, in their neighborhoods, Kerski says. -GPS's can be used in different subject areas, such as: History -Use GPS to explore historic sites, such as battlefields, settlements, or cemeteries. Include information about what took place at the locations to draw a connection between the places students are seeing and the historic events that happened there. Geology -Use GPS units to guide students to specific locations where they can observe the geologic features on the school's campus. Ask students to describe these features and hypothesize about how they were formed. Science -Use GPS and GIS to plot specific points on a river or stream close to the school. Have students measure water quality at those points and task them to research explanations for the differences in water quality in one area and another.

__**Article 2:**__ The following information has been copied from: __http://www.juicygeography.co.uk/gps.htm__

GPS for Geography Teachers. (n.d.). In JuicyGeography. Retrieved February 3, 2012, from __http://www.juicygeography.co.uk/gps.htm__

• To introduce new ICT technology (links to the world of work too.)

• Enhance the accuracy and credibility of geographical fieldwork.

• Bring maps and aerial photographs to life.

• Essential safety and navigation aid (never get lost on Dartmoor again!)

• Opportunities for fun educational activities, for example treasure hunting.

• Cross-curricular links with maths science and PE.

• Opportunity to set up links with local primary schools.

• Numeracy opportunities, for example in surveying, map making and understanding the technology.

__**Article 3:**__ The following information has been copied from: __http://alicechristie.org/pubs/E6/index.html__

Christie, A. (2007, January 1). Using GPS Engages. In alicechristie. Retrieved February 3, 2012, from __http://alicechristie.org/pubs/E6/index.html__

- GPS means- Global Positioning System -is a $12 billion Satellite Navigation System consisting of 24 satellites (plus a few spares) deployed and maintained by the U.S. Department of Defense. -GPS' are used in cars, boats, airplanes, and even in cellular phones. -Handheld GPS receivers are carried by hikers, surveyors, map makers, and others who need to know where they are. -The GPS device receives data from the closest satellites to determine the unit's exact location, elevation, speed, and time. A GPS can calculate:
 * How far someone has traveled (odometer)
 * How long they've been traveling
 * Their current speed (speedometer)
 * Their average speed
 * A "bread crumb" trail showing the user exactly where they have traveled on the map
 * The estimated time of arrival at a destination if the user maintains their current speed

Niki Newcomb's GPS Research Notes

__ Article #1 __ :

Matherson, L., Inman, C., Wilson, E., & Wright, V. (2012). //Get up, get out with geocaching:engaging technology for the social studies classroom//. Informally published manuscript, University of Alabama, Alabama. Retrieved from

[]

- Originally established as an activity geared toward outdoor enthusiasts and treasure seekers, geocaching has broadened its appeal to the classroom.

- Teachers are implementing this emergent technology into their course curriculum and taking students to the larger classroom outdoors.

- The navigation satellite timing and ranging global system, transmits position data to individual, handheld, global positioning system units.

- Geocaching is essentially a highly technology, world spanning game similar to a treasure hunt, in which a person hides a cahce for others to find.

- Little if any research has been done on the effectiveness in the classroom.

- Social studies educators are increasingly required to incorporate technology-related devices and software programs into the curriculum to meet various state and national standards.

__Article#2__

Garmin Ltd. (1996) //Garmin: What is GPS?// Retrieved from []

- A GPS is satellite-based navigation system made up of a networks of 24 satellites placed into orbit by the U.S Department of Defense.

- Originally intended for military applications.

- Works in any weather conditions, anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day.

- No subscription fees or set up charges.

- Satellites circle the earth twice a day in precise orbit and transmit signal information to Earth, receivers take the information and use triangulation to calculate the users exact location.

- Receivers compares the time a signal was transmitted by a satellite with the time it was received, time difference tells the GPS receiver how far away the satellite is, with distance measurements from a few more satellites, the from a few more satellites, the receiver can determine the user’s position and display it on the unit’s of electronic map.

- The GPS must be locked on to at least three satellites signals to calculate a 2D position.

- Can calculate speed, bearing, trip distance, distance to destination, sunrise and sunset time.

__Article#3__

Terry, K. (2008). Using gps in the classroom. //South Carolina Geographic Alliance//. Retrieved from []

- Can be used to create engaging, creative lessons that allow kids to problem solve.

- It allows kinesthetic movement, cooperative learning, problem solving, the use of spatial intelligence, playing with innovative technology, and treasure hunting.

- Ideas for using GPS in the classroom- Teaches students real world uses of latitude and longitude.

- Create a scavenger hunt.

- Take a geocaching field trip where students have to find out information at historic location.





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